State E. STATE E NE R GY E FFI CI E NCY PR E PAR E DNE SS I ND E X 2018
Why in news?
The Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE) under the leadership of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency(BEE)
and NITI Ayog has recently released the first Nationwide ‘State Energy Efficiency Preparedness Index’ .
Background
• In 2001 the Energy Conservation Act was introduced which was instrumental in the formation of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) and the State Designated Agencies (SDA) in the states. It also put in place the much- needed institutional framework for formulating energy efficiency policies and implementing them.
• National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE) is one of the eight national missions under the
National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). NMEEE aims to strengthen the market for energy efficiency by creating conducive regulatory and policy regime and has envisaged fostering innovative and sustainable business models to the energy efficiency sector. The Mission is implemented since 2011.
• To compliment such efforts the index was recently released considering energy consumption, energy saving potential and states’ influence in implementing energy efficiency in buildings, industry, municipalities, transport, agriculture and DISCOMs.
About State Energy Efficiency Index
• Its 4 main objectives are-
o Help drive EE policies and program implementation at state and local level
o Highlight best practices and encourage healthy competition among states
48 ©Vision IAS
o Track progress in managing states’ and India’s energy footprint
o Set a baseline for EE efforts to date and provide a
foundation to set state-specific EE targets
• It examines states’ policies and regulations, financing mechanisms, institutional capacity, adoption of energy efficiency and energy savings. The Index has 63 indicators in all - 59 across buildings, industry, municipalities, transport, agriculture and DISCOMs; and 4 cross-cutting indicators.
• In each sector, energy efficiency indicators have been
developed to measure the impact of state initiatives in driving energy efficiency in states. The indicators are both qualitative and quantitative, which include outcome-based indicators as well to signify realisation of the intended performance outcomes, to the extent possible, for various energy efficiency policies and programs.
• The ‘Front runner’ states in the inaugural edition of the State Energy Efficiency Index are Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Maharashtra, Punjab and Rajasthan.
Conclusion
• Periodic release of the State Energy Efficiency Index shall help track progress in managing states’ energy footprint and provide guidance in formulating data- driven, evidence-based policies and programmes at the state level.
Major Parameters
• Building sector: implementing UJALA for energy efficient lighting; incorporating Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) in municipal building bye-laws; Making mandatory energy audits for certain category of buildings and provide financial incentives for EE building construction and retrofits.
• Industry sector: BEE’s PAT programme; Programmes for driving energy efficiency in MSMEs and other non-PAT industries are few and far between.
• Municipal sector: (Energy Efficiency Service Limited) EESL’s Street Lighting National Programme (SLNP); EESL’s Municipal Energy Efficiency Programme (MEEP) for public water works and sewerage system retrofits. Other state-level municipal energy efficiency initiatives.
• Energy efficient transportation: tracking the fuel efficiency of State Road Transport Undertakings (SRTU) which is published by MoRTH, Use of FAME scheme to purchase hybrid/electric vehicles.
• DISCOMs: reducing Transmission and
Distribution (T&D) losses.
• It will also contribute towards national energy data management by helping streamline energy efficiency data collection in states.
• The energy efficiency indicators shall be continuously revised and updated based upon the evolving EE
landscape in India.
5.13. BI O-JE T FUE L F LI GH T
Why in news?
Recently, India’s first ever bio-jet fuel flight taken off by using the fuel developed by the CSIR-Indian Institute of
Petroleum (IIP).
About the initiative
• Aircraft was powered with a blend of 75% air turbine fuel (ATF) and 25% bio-jet fuel made from jatropha crop.
• The bio-jet fuel developed by CSIR-IIP was recognised by American Standard for Testing and Material and received a patent by 2011.
• International standards permit a blend rate of up-to
50% bio fuel with ATF.
Significance
• Reduce Dependency: The large-scale production of bio-jet fuels would reduce dependence on traditional aviation fuel by up to 50 per cent on every flight and bring down fares.
About Bio-Jet Fuel
• It is a type of Biofuel which are produced from biomass resources and used in place of, or blended with ATF.
• Bio jet fuel can be produced from animal fat, used cooking oil, waste dairy fat, sewage sludge, etc.
Characteristics
• The oil needs to have a freezing point below -47 degrees so it doesn’t freeze at altitudes at which planes fly.
• It should not catch fire on ground when being transferred into a plane.
• It must have the same density as ATF, have a certain calorific value and should not choke the filters.
• It has lower sulphur content which causes less wear and tear.
49 ©Vision IAS
• Cleaner Environment: The move will be a step toward cleaner environment, because a flight completely powered by bio-jet fuel has the potential to reduce carbon emissions by up to 80 per cent.
• Meeting Global agency target: It will help in meeting the International Air Transport Association (IATA) target for one billion passengers to fly on aircraft using a mix of clean energy and fossil fuels by 2025.
• Employment Generation: Growth of bio-jet fuel and related infrastructure such as plant operations, village level entrepreneurs and supply chain management, will generate employment.
• Additional Income to Farmers: Nearly, 70% of the cost of the bio fuel constitutes the feed cost, if the production of these crops scaled up by demand side factors, there will be increase in famer income.
Challenges
• High Cost: It has noted that given the current immaturity of the supply chain of the aviation biofuel industry, these fuels have lower economies of scale and can cost almost two to three times higher than conventional ATF.
• Agricultural Influence: The availability of bio-fuel is highly depended on condition of agricultural production in the country. For instance, production of Jatropha and other bio-fuel crop varies seasonally and does not assure optimum supply levels needed to meet the demand at any given time.
• Ambiguity regarding greenhouse gas emission: Study by Yale university has found that use of plant jatropha (source of bio-jet fuel) could either reduce greenhouse gas emission by up to 85%, or increase them by 60%, depending on the circumstances in which it is produced.
Step Can be taken
• Infrastructure: The infrastructure to mass-produce bio-jet fuel, and to deliver it at airports, is in growing stage, therefore, bio-jet fuel capable infrastructure as developed in Los Angeles Air-Port should be adopted by other countries.
• Balancing the production: There is a need of balancing the production of raw material for food security and energy security, because production of the first generation of biofuels had shown the displacement of other agricultural activity
nergy Efficiency Preparedness Index’ .
Why in news?
The Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE) under the leadership of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency(BEE)
and NITI Ayog has recently released the first Nationwide ‘State Energy Efficiency Preparedness Index’ .
Background
• In 2001 the Energy Conservation Act was introduced which was instrumental in the formation of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) and the State Designated Agencies (SDA) in the states. It also put in place the much- needed institutional framework for formulating energy efficiency policies and implementing them.
• National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE) is one of the eight national missions under the
National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). NMEEE aims to strengthen the market for energy efficiency by creating conducive regulatory and policy regime and has envisaged fostering innovative and sustainable business models to the energy efficiency sector. The Mission is implemented since 2011.
• To compliment such efforts the index was recently released considering energy consumption, energy saving potential and states’ influence in implementing energy efficiency in buildings, industry, municipalities, transport, agriculture and DISCOMs.
About State Energy Efficiency Index
• Its 4 main objectives are-
o Help drive EE policies and program implementation at state and local level
o Highlight best practices and encourage healthy competition among states
48 ©Vision IAS
o Track progress in managing states’ and India’s energy footprint
o Set a baseline for EE efforts to date and provide a
foundation to set state-specific EE targets
• It examines states’ policies and regulations, financing mechanisms, institutional capacity, adoption of energy efficiency and energy savings. The Index has 63 indicators in all - 59 across buildings, industry, municipalities, transport, agriculture and DISCOMs; and 4 cross-cutting indicators.
• In each sector, energy efficiency indicators have been
developed to measure the impact of state initiatives in driving energy efficiency in states. The indicators are both qualitative and quantitative, which include outcome-based indicators as well to signify realisation of the intended performance outcomes, to the extent possible, for various energy efficiency policies and programs.
• The ‘Front runner’ states in the inaugural edition of the State Energy Efficiency Index are Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Maharashtra, Punjab and Rajasthan.
Conclusion
• Periodic release of the State Energy Efficiency Index shall help track progress in managing states’ energy footprint and provide guidance in formulating data- driven, evidence-based policies and programmes at the state level.
Major Parameters
• Building sector: implementing UJALA for energy efficient lighting; incorporating Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) in municipal building bye-laws; Making mandatory energy audits for certain category of buildings and provide financial incentives for EE building construction and retrofits.
• Industry sector: BEE’s PAT programme; Programmes for driving energy efficiency in MSMEs and other non-PAT industries are few and far between.
• Municipal sector: (Energy Efficiency Service Limited) EESL’s Street Lighting National Programme (SLNP); EESL’s Municipal Energy Efficiency Programme (MEEP) for public water works and sewerage system retrofits. Other state-level municipal energy efficiency initiatives.
• Energy efficient transportation: tracking the fuel efficiency of State Road Transport Undertakings (SRTU) which is published by MoRTH, Use of FAME scheme to purchase hybrid/electric vehicles.
• DISCOMs: reducing Transmission and
Distribution (T&D) losses.
• It will also contribute towards national energy data management by helping streamline energy efficiency data collection in states.
• The energy efficiency indicators shall be continuously revised and updated based upon the evolving EE
landscape in India.
5.13. BI O-JE T FUE L F LI GH T
Why in news?
Recently, India’s first ever bio-jet fuel flight taken off by using the fuel developed by the CSIR-Indian Institute of
Petroleum (IIP).
About the initiative
• Aircraft was powered with a blend of 75% air turbine fuel (ATF) and 25% bio-jet fuel made from jatropha crop.
• The bio-jet fuel developed by CSIR-IIP was recognised by American Standard for Testing and Material and received a patent by 2011.
• International standards permit a blend rate of up-to
50% bio fuel with ATF.
Significance
• Reduce Dependency: The large-scale production of bio-jet fuels would reduce dependence on traditional aviation fuel by up to 50 per cent on every flight and bring down fares.
About Bio-Jet Fuel
• It is a type of Biofuel which are produced from biomass resources and used in place of, or blended with ATF.
• Bio jet fuel can be produced from animal fat, used cooking oil, waste dairy fat, sewage sludge, etc.
Characteristics
• The oil needs to have a freezing point below -47 degrees so it doesn’t freeze at altitudes at which planes fly.
• It should not catch fire on ground when being transferred into a plane.
• It must have the same density as ATF, have a certain calorific value and should not choke the filters.
• It has lower sulphur content which causes less wear and tear.
49 ©Vision IAS
• Cleaner Environment: The move will be a step toward cleaner environment, because a flight completely powered by bio-jet fuel has the potential to reduce carbon emissions by up to 80 per cent.
• Meeting Global agency target: It will help in meeting the International Air Transport Association (IATA) target for one billion passengers to fly on aircraft using a mix of clean energy and fossil fuels by 2025.
• Employment Generation: Growth of bio-jet fuel and related infrastructure such as plant operations, village level entrepreneurs and supply chain management, will generate employment.
• Additional Income to Farmers: Nearly, 70% of the cost of the bio fuel constitutes the feed cost, if the production of these crops scaled up by demand side factors, there will be increase in famer income.
Challenges
• High Cost: It has noted that given the current immaturity of the supply chain of the aviation biofuel industry, these fuels have lower economies of scale and can cost almost two to three times higher than conventional ATF.
• Agricultural Influence: The availability of bio-fuel is highly depended on condition of agricultural production in the country. For instance, production of Jatropha and other bio-fuel crop varies seasonally and does not assure optimum supply levels needed to meet the demand at any given time.
• Ambiguity regarding greenhouse gas emission: Study by Yale university has found that use of plant jatropha (source of bio-jet fuel) could either reduce greenhouse gas emission by up to 85%, or increase them by 60%, depending on the circumstances in which it is produced.
Step Can be taken
• Infrastructure: The infrastructure to mass-produce bio-jet fuel, and to deliver it at airports, is in growing stage, therefore, bio-jet fuel capable infrastructure as developed in Los Angeles Air-Port should be adopted by other countries.
• Balancing the production: There is a need of balancing the production of raw material for food security and energy security, because production of the first generation of biofuels had shown the displacement of other agricultural activity
nergy Efficiency Preparedness Index’ .
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