Muslim majority areas to exercise right to self-determination In case of
partition, common centre for defence, commerce, communications, etc.
Jinnah rejected the offer as he wanted Congress to accept the two-nation
theory.
DESAI-LIAQAT PACT Congress and League nominees to have equal
representation in Central Executive.
20% of seats reserved for minorities.
WAVELL PLAN (SHIMLA CONFERENCE-JUNE 1945)
An all-Indian executive council except the governor-general and
commander-in-chief Equal representation for caste Hindus and Muslims.
Muslim League wanted all Muslims to be its nominees and
claimed a communal veto in the executive council.
Congress objected to it
being painted purely as a caste Hindu party.
LAST TWO YEARS OF BRITISH RULE : Two basic strands
1. Tortuous negotiations resulting in freedom and partition, accompaniedby communal violence .
2. Sporadic, localised mass action.
July 1945 Labour Government comes to power in Britain.
August 1945 Elections to central and provincial assemblies announced.
September 1945 Announcement of a Constituent Assembly after War.
A change in Government's attitude due to
Change in global power equations;
UK no longer a power
Labour Government sympathetic to India;
Tired British soldiers and shattered British economy;
Anti-imperialist wave throughout Asia ;
Officials feared another Congress revolt.
Two Main Election Planks for Congress
1. Repression of 1942
2. Mass pressure against trial of INA POWs.
INA Agitation—Main Features
Had unprecedented, high pitch and intensity.
Had wide geographical and social spread.
Penetrated traditional bulwarks of Raj.
Government employees and loyalists With each day, became a purely India
versus Britain, issue Three Upsurges
1. November 21, 1945 in Calcutta over INA trials.
2. February 11, 1946 in Calcutta over seven-year sentence to an INAofficer.
3. February 18, 1946 in Bombay, strike by Royal Indian Navy Ratings.
Congress did not support these upsurges because of their timing and
tactics .
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